Ingrain RSS Feed

Computer Simulations of Fluid Flow in Sediment: From Images to Permeability

Nora Villarreal — Wed, 13 Jan 2010 19:00:00 GMT

Stanford University's Jack Dvorkin and Ingrain's Jonas Tolke, Chuck Baldwin, Yaoming Mu, Naum Derzhi, Qian Fang and Avrami Grader discuss the digital experimentation of flow simulations and permeability calculations in the latest issue of The Leading Edge.

Please see attached document

13-Jan-10 1:00 PM

From Micro to Reservoir Scale: Permeability from Digital Experiments

Nora Villarreal — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 17:00:00 GMT

Stanford University's Jack Dvorkin and Ingrain's Naum Derzhi, Qian Fang, Amos Nur, Boaz Nur, Avrami Grader, Chuck Baldwin, Henrique Tono and Elizabeth Diaz explain how digital rock physics can reliably enhance data obtained from physical laboratories and reduce the number of complicated and costly measurements being used today.

Please see attached document

1-Dec-09 11:00 AM

Capturing Digital Rock Properties for Reservoir Modeling

Nora Villarreal — Thu, 01 Oct 2009 16:00:00 GMT

The latest issue of World Oil magazine features an Ingrain case study co-authored with Noble Energy. The case study discusses how comparative analysis shows that a digital and real core compare favorably when digital and real experiments are run.

Please see attached document

1-Oct-09 11:00 AM

Revolutionizing Core Analysis

Nora Villarreal — Tue, 15 Sep 2009 16:00:00 GMT

Houston-based Ingrain uses latest-generation 3D CT (computed tomography) to quickly and accurately determine absolute and relative permeability, resistivity, elastic properties, pore and grain statistics. Results are available in days, they claim, even in ultra-low permeability sandstones, complex carbonates and shales.

Please see attached document

15-Sep-09 11:00 AM

Digital Rock Physics Bridges Scales of Measurement

Nora Villarreal — Tue, 15 Sep 2009 16:00:00 GMT

Ingrain's digital rock physics lab images the details of rock structure at the pore scale and uses these images to accurately simulate physical experiments in the computer. Only recently have powerful 3D scanners and computing clusters rendered this concept commercially viable on such complex physical objects as natural sediment. At Ingrain, different properties of rock are measured and interrelated at a varying spatial scales. This is hardly possible in the physical laboratory or in the well, where the scale of measurement is fixed.

Please see attached document

15-Sep-09 11:00 AM

Special Core Analysis Reinvented: 3D Nano-scale Imaging and Computing of Reservoir Rock Properties and Fluid Flow

Nora Villarreal — Tue, 11 Aug 2009 15:00:00 GMT

Digital imaging and computation revolutionised photography by making film cameras obsolete and moving image processing from chemical darkrooms into computers. Ingrain, a Houston-based technology start-up, is using digital imaging and computation to reinvent special core analysis. At Ingrain's digital rock physics lab, latest-generation CT (computed tomography) scanners capture in 3D the actual fabric of reservoir rock samples; the pore-space and mineral matrix geometry fabric at resolutions as high as 100 nanometers.

Please see attached document

11-Aug-09 10:00 AM

Finding Huge Potential in Rocks' Tiniest Cracks

Nora Villarreal — Wed, 31 Dec 2008 16:00:00 GMT

Houston-based Ingrain uses nano-scale imaging technology to rapidly measure the porosity, permeability and fluid flow characteristics of oil and gas shale formations.

Click here to read article

31-Dec-08 10:00 AM

New Technology Continues to Amaze

Nora Villarreal — Mon, 01 Dec 2008 16:00:00 GMT

With capital at their disposal, operators and service companies pulled out all the stops in 2008.

Click here to read article

1-Dec-08 10:00 AM

New Rock Physics Company Ingrain Pioneers Digital Rock Properties Measurement

Nora Villarreal — Tue, 04 Nov 2008 16:00:00 GMT

At this year's SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, first time attendee Ingrain brings the upstream industry a new paradigm in rock properties measurement that allows operators to create smarter, more efficient field development plans.

The oil and gas industry's future lies in maximizing fields already in production and developing unconventional assets - opportunities that come with a range of technical challenges that previously prevented their development. It is imperative that the industry develop new, digital technologies that allow operators not just overcome the challenges of increasingly complex assets - but allow them to do so efficiently and effectively.

Ingrain was formed in 2007 to commercialize a game-changing technology that is based on a novel approach that unites advanced imaging techniques with patented computational methods. First, high-resolution (< micron) images of rock fragments, such as cores, plugs or drill cuttings, are obtained. The images are then processed to accurately delineate the sample's pore space. The resulting "digital rock" is then subjected to virtual experiments that rigorously simulate physical reservoir conditions, such as flow properties. Based on patented algorithms, these computations determine a range of basic and complex rock properties, including porosity, absolute permeability, capillary behavior, relative permeability, electrical conductivity, elastic constants and velocities, and grain and pore-size distributions.

Ingrain's digital process allows operators to make quicker, more informed decisions. Conventional reservoir rock-property measurements begin by stopping on-site operations to obtain a core sample - an incredibly costly procedure. This sample is then sent to a lab, where physical experiments are conducted - a time consuming process that greatly reduces the utility of the resulting data in on-site operations. Further, the physical experiments cause the rock sample to deteriorate; meaning only a limited number of experiments can be conducted. This limits the number of reservoir scenarios that can be tested and the amount of information that can be obtained from an operator's reservoir.

Key benefits of Ingrain's technology include:

•   Results that can be used in operational decisions: Ingrain's digital process enables near real-time computational experiments to provide definitive results for processes like multiphase fluid flow that currently take days or weeks in a physical laboratory. Multiple measurements also can be taken across a reservoir, allowing reservoir engineers to obtain continuous logs of permeability and other computed properties.

•   Accurate Measurements on a Wide Range of Rock Types: The imaging component of Ingrain's method vastly expands the types of rock for which properties can be measured, ranging from the most friable oil sands to the tightest gas sands, as well as carbonates.

•   Reduced Need for Costly Coring Operations: Ingrain's technology is conducive to smaller fragments of rock, such as drill cuttings, that simply cannot be processed in a physical laboratory. Measuring physical properties from cuttings greatly reduces and often even eliminates the need for costly and risky coring operations.

•   Enhanced Information on Mature Fields: Vast repositories of already stored drill cuttings and cores can now be efficiently mined to populate reservoir models with accurate physical properties that are crucial to formulating field management strategies.

•   Non-Destructive Procedure Allows Repeated Tests on the Same Sample: Ingrain's digital rocks can withstand endless virtual experiments, compared to physical samples that often break down under the stress of traditional tests. Working with a digital rock ensures that the established relationships among all measured properties accurately characterize the rock sample.

By providing operators with unprecedented insight into their reservoirs, Ingrain's technology is allowing upstream operators to more effectively develop their fields today.

4-Nov-08 10:00 AM

Applying The "New" Math (Nickles New Technology Magazine, October 2008)

Nora Villarreal — Wed, 01 Oct 2008 15:00:00 GMT

Proponents of a new method of determining rock permeability are quick to correct those who describe the process as "measuring" permeability. "It's not measuring, but computing," says California geophysicist Amos Nur, the retired Stanford University professor helping to lead the effort to commercialize the new method.

Please see attached document

1-Oct-08 10:00 AM

Ingrain obtains service mark registration for vRock

noemail@ingrainrocks.com — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 18:00:00 GMT

Houston (Nov/Dec 2009) Ingrain was granted a service mark registration by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office for on Nov 3, 2009. The vRock service mark refers to using a digital reservoir rock used in determining fluid transport properties of rock formations from computer tomographic images of rock formation samples.

Ingrain is a Platinum Sponsor at the 2010 Annual HGS Applied Geoscience Conference - US Gulf Region Mudstones as Unconventional Shale Gas/Oil Reservoirs

noemail@ingrainrocks.com — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 18:00:00 GMT

Houston (Dec 2009) Ingrain will be the Platinum Sponsor at the 2010 Annual HGS Applied Geoscience Conference taking place February 8 & 9, 2010. Attendees of the conference, which is being sponsored by the Houston Geological Society, can expect to interact and learn applied techniques from knowledgeable unconventional reservoir characterization specialists on reservoir and system characterization for Gulf Coast region shale gas/oil reservoirs and learn about reservoir characterization advances of multiple targets, including the Haynesville / Bossier System.

To learn more about this conference and to download the technical program, please visit www.hgs.org.

Ingrain Rock Physics Science Advisor Dr. Jack Dvorkin discusses the benefits of using digital rock physics to determine permeability in the latest issue of The Leading Edge

noemail@ingrainrocks.com — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 18:00:00 GMT

Houston (December, 2009) -- Trying to determine permeabilities and elastic properties with conventional, physical lab experiments can not only be lengthy and expensive, but hard to conduct given the type of rock material available. In the article From Micro to Reservoir Scale: Permeability from Digital Experiments, Rock Physics Science Advisor Jack Dvorkin explains how digital rock physics can reliably address these challenges, thereby enhancing data obtained from physical laboratories and reducing the number of complicated and costly measurements being used today.

The article is featured in part of a special section in this month's issue entitled Reservoir Modeling Constrained by Seismic.

To read the article in its entirety, please click here.

The Leading Edge compliments Geophysics SEG’s peer-reviewed publication, long unrivaled as the world's most respected vehicle for dissemination of developments in exploration and development geophysics. TLE is a gateway publication, introducing new geophysical theory, instrumentation, and established practices to scientists in a wide range of geoscience disciplines. Most material is presented in a semitechnical manner that minimizes mathematical theory and emphasizes practical applications. TLE also serves as SEG’s publication venue for official society business. For more information, visit http://www.segdl.org/tle.

Noble Energy co-authored case study with Ingrain is featured in latest issue of World Oil Magazine.

noemail@ingrainrocks.com — Sun, 01 Nov 2009 17:00:00 GMT

Houston (Oct/Nov 2009) -- The latest issue of World Oil magazine features an Ingrain case study co-authored with Noble Energy. The case study discusses how comparative analysis shows that a digital and real core compare favorably when digital and real experiments are run.

The project, initiated by Noble Energy in March 2009, included three main processes. First, 3D imaging of small rock fragments at a resolution high enough to discriminate between pores and minerals was conducted, followed by segmentation of the images to digitally define a finite number of the elements of rock (specifically porosity and basic mineral compound) and finally 3D computer simulations of single and multiphase fluid flow for absolute and relative permeability, respectively, electrical current flow for resistivity and formation factor determination.

The case study verifies that Ingrain's technology and use of proprietary algorithms quickly obtained more accurate measurements of porosity, permeability, formation factor and relative permeability, and that the rapid turnaround (30 days from sample selection to reporting of analytical results) time can allow for more accurate information to be used as inputs, resulting in the creation of better reservoir models.

To read the article in its entirety, please click here.

Chief Marketing Officer John Elmer discusses Ingrain's technology in Geo ExPro

noemail@ingrainrocks.com — Sun, 01 Nov 2009 17:00:00 GMT

Houston (Nov 2009) -- In the Vol. 6 No. 4 issue of Geo ExPro magazine, Chief Marketing Officer John Elmer discusses Ingrain's imaging technology in a featured article entitled Revolutionizing Core Analysis.

The article explains how Ingrain is addressing many of the technical challenges facing physical experiments today with the introduction of a series of technical breakthroughs in 3D imaging and computations of reservoir rock properties. Using any rock sample, including sidewall core plugs and drill cuttings, Ingrain can quickly and accurate determine absolute and relative permeability, resistivity, elastic properties and pore and grain statistics.

Geo ExPro is a technical magazine tailored for geoscientists, petroleum engineers and industry decision makers. Each issue covers geological and technical exploration, production, development, geological resources, geotourism and people.

To read the article in its entirety, please click here.

Ingrain's newly acquired Zeiss AURIGA CrossBeam workstation goes online.

noemail@ingrainrocks.com — Sun, 01 Nov 2009 17:00:00 GMT

Houston (Nov 2009) -- Ingrain’s new workstation, the AURIGA^® CrossBeam^® FIB-SEM (focused ion beam scanning electron microscope) allows the digital rock physics lab to generate 3D images at resolutions as high as 3 nanometers. These images are used to create the company’s vRock digital reservoir rocks from shale rock samples. Ingrain then uses proprietary simulation technologies to compute rock properties such as permeability, elastic properties, pore and grain statistics.

“This is really big, not only for us but for the industry as a whole,” said Boaz Nur, Ingrain’s VP of Operations. “We can now accurately image and compute the pore space and mineralogy of shale and other tight rock formations, which up until now hasn’t been physically possible. We’re excited that we can now offer this technology to our clients throughout the world.”

Dr. Amos Nur, Ingrain CTO, Dr. Jack Dvorkin, Ingrain Rock Physics Science Advisor, set to present papers at the Society of Exploration Geophysicist's International Exposition in Houston, TX later thi

noemail@ingrainrocks.com — Wed, 14 Oct 2009 16:00:00 GMT

Houston (October 14, 2009) -- Dr. Amos Nur, Chief Technology Officer of Ingrain, and Dr. Jack Dvorkin, Ingrain Rock Physics Science Advisor, are scheduled to present their paper "Scale Independence of Rock Physics Transforms" at the Society of Exploration Geophysicist's International Exposition and 79th Annual Meeting in Houston, TX, taking place October 25-30, 2009.

The paper, also authored by Cinzia Scotellaro (Stanford University) and Qian Fang and Naum Derzhi (Ingrain) will be presented during the oral session Pore to Seismic Scale Heterogeneity Models and Measurements on Monday, October 26 at 1:30 pm. Dr. Nur will also be a chairman for this session, the first of the rock properties topics.

The Annual Meeting of the SEG gives companies the opportunity to display their products and services to a highly focused audience from around the world. Geophysicists, geologists, earth scientists, energy industry executives, researchers, and software developers attend the conference to learn about the latest technology and advances in exploration. The extensive technical program of more than 600 oral and poster presentations by the leaders of the industry, in conjunction with a state-of-the-art exposition, draws attendees from more than 85 countries. For additional information, please visit www.seg.org.

To download the paper being presented, please click here.

Carl Zeiss SMT Announces Ingrain's Adoption of the AURIGA CrossBeam Workstation

noemail@ingrainrocks.com — Tue, 29 Sep 2009 16:00:00 GMT

PEABODY, Mass. & OBERKOCHEN, Germany, Sept. 29, 2009—The AURIGA^® CrossBeam^® workstation, recently introduced by Carl Zeiss SMT, now has demonstrated the ability to improve the analysis of shale rock’s porosity and permeability in order to more accurately predict the shale’s suitability for the commercial extraction of oil or gas.

Houston-based Ingrain, a provider of digital rock physics services to oil and gas companies around the world, is now using an AURIGA FIB/SEM workstation to generate high resolution 3D images that are used to create the company’s vRock digital reservoir rocks from shale rock samples. Ingrain then uses proprietary simulation technologies to analyze the samples for fluid flow. According to Henrique Tono, Ingrain CEO, “We have significantly advanced our capabilities—especially for the analysis of shale rock—by integrating the unique Carl Zeiss AURIGA instrument into our analytical processes. As a result, our customers, who are world leaders in oil and gas exploration, can now get more detailed, more accurate rock properties analyses. In essence, we are now able to provide more accurate, more complete information to support their decision making needs.”

To read the full release, please click here.

Ingrain Closes Third Round of Funding

noemail@ingrainrocks.com — Wed, 23 Sep 2009 16:00:00 GMT

Houston (September 23, 2009) – Houston-based digital rock physics company Ingrain has secured a third round of funding totaling $15 million to advance the deployment of its digital rock physics labs. The collaborative raise was completed by continuing investors including Energy Ventures and KLP, along with new investor TPH Partners. Ingrain utilizes proprietary technologies to analyze reservoir rock samples from cores or drill cuttings and deliver critical data to its oil and gas producer client base.

Joe B. Foster, Chairman of TPH Partners will join Ingrain’s board of directors. Foster founded Newfield Exploration Company in 1989 and served as chairman of the board until 2005. He was chairman of Tenneco Oil Company and executive vice president and director of its parent, Tenneco Inc. He began with Tenneco as a Junior Petroleum Engineer in Oklahoma City in 1957.

“This funding will allow Ingrain to continue our expansion into the Middle East, North Africa and Latin America,” said Henrique Tono, Ingrain’s CEO. “We are delighted and honored to have Joe Foster joining Ingrain’s board of directors. His depth of industry experience makes him an invaluable advisor to Ingrain as we expand into major oil-producing regions worldwide. ”

Since starting up in 2007, Ingrain has introduced technical breakthroughs for quickly and accurately determining physical properties and simulating fluid flows in oil and gas reservoir rocks. The company uses high-resolution 3D imaging to “reveal reservoir rocks from the inside” and compute critical rock properties including permeability, porosity, elastic properties, electrical properties and relative permeability. This information allows oil and gas companies to more accurately estimate the potential of their reserves and make faster, better-informed field development decisions.

TPH Partners invests in the upstream, oilfield service and midstream subsectors of the energy industry. The fund is an affiliate of Tudor, Pickering, Holt & Co. Additional information on TPH Partners can be found at www.tphpartners.com.

TPH Partners Announces Investment in Ingrain

noemail@ingrainrocks.com — Mon, 21 Sep 2009 16:00:00 GMT

HOUSTON -- Monday, September 21, 2009 -- TPH Partners, L.P., a middle market energy private equity fund, announced the closing of an equity investment in a growth round of funding for Ingrain, Inc. TPH Partners joins a strong group of existing investors in this leading-edge oilfield technology firm that is setting the standard in the industry for digital rock physics analysis. Ingrain utilizes proprietary technologies to analyze reservoir rock samples from cores or drill cuttings and deliver critical data to its oil and gas producer client base. Normal.dotm 0 0 1 172 986 Ingrain 8 1 1210 12.0 “We are very excited about the potential provided to the exploration and production industry by the evolving science of digital rock physics, and Ingrain is the clear leader in this field,” said Joe B. Foster, Chairman of TPH Partners. “Ingrain’s techniques are especially relevant to producers that work with low permeability reservoirs, such as tight-gas sands and...

Upcoming Events

Wed, 10 Mar 2010 17:01:34 GMT

SPE UNCONVENTIONAL GAS CONFERENCE Tuesday, February 23 - Thursday, February 25 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA - Hilton Pittsburgh Booth #8 This new conference focuses on geology, engineering, and future trends in relation to unconventional gas reservoirs. The single-track, 2.5-day technical program composed of invited papers will emphasize unconventional gas production from tight sands, shales, and coalbeds. GEO 2010 9TH MIDDLE EAST GEOSCIENCES CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION Sunday, March 7 - Wednesday, March 10 Bahrain International Exhibition and Convention Center Booth #1146 GEO 2010 will present an outstanding selection of current research and technology from both new and traditional areas of petroleum geoscience. With a range of topical conference sessions, senior keynote speakers and an exceptional exhibition of exploration and development products and services, this event will have something for every interest in the future development of the Middle...

Ingrain in the News

Mon, 08 Mar 2010 23:22:47 GMT

Ingrain Sponsoring SPWLA - Oman Chapter March 2010 Technical Seminar

Houston (March 08, 2010) -- Ingrain will be sponsoring the SPWLA - Oman March Technical Seminar being held later this month. The seminar, From Pore to Core: Multi-Scale Digital Rock Physics, will be presented by Ingrain's Regional Manager to the Middle East and North Africa, Gary Sinclair, and will discuss how digital rock physics has emerged as a valuable tool for providing deeper understanding of rock properties in challenging reservoirs in a very rapid time frame. The presentation will include examples of the technology as applied on actual Middle East Reservoir.

The seminar, taking place on Tuesday, March 30 from 5:30pm - 9pm at the Crown Plaza Hotel in Muscat, Oman, will include a dinner and is open to both members of nonmembers of the SPWLA.

News Archive:

February 2010

Mon, 08 Mar 2010 21:03:34 GMT

Ingrain's Elizabeth Diaz and Carl Sisk to be featured speakers at the Denver Well Logging Society March luncheon meeting

Houston (February 16, 2010) -- Ingrain's Chief Geoscientist and Chief Reservoir Engineer have been tapped to be the featured speakers at next month's Denver Well Logging Society March luncheon meeting. The March luncheon topic is "Introduction to Digital Rock Physics and Well Logging: 1+1=3."

The luncheon will take place on Tuesday, March 16 from 11am - 1:30pm at the Wynkoop Brewing Company in Denver, CO.

Ingrain's Gouping Li presenting paper next month at the GEO 2010 9th Middle East Geosciences Conference and Exhibition

Houston (February 2010) -- Ingrain's Gouping Li is schedule to present a paper at the 9th annual GEO 2010, the premier geosciences conference and exhibition in the Middle East . The paper, Multi-Scale Imaging Process for Computations of Porosity and Permeability on Carbonate Rocks, was co-authored with Dr. Avrami Grader, Dr. Amos Nur, Chuck Baldwin, and Elizabeth Diaz, Ingrain.

The GEO 2010 will be held in Bahrain from Sunday, March 7 and go through Wednesday, March 10, 2010. For more information, please click here to visit the GEO 2010 website.

Technical Papers & Presentations

Tue, 23 Feb 2010 15:44:14 GMT

Imaging and Computing the Physical Properties of Gulf Coast Gas Shales by Elizabeth Diaz Presented at the Houston Geological Society Applied Geosciences Mudstones Conference, Feb 2010 Accuracy and Relevance of Digital Rock Results: Successes and Failures by Jack Dvorkin Examples of Validations for Porosity, Permeability, Electrical and Elastic Properties by Elizabeth Diaz Computations of Porosity and Permeability of Sparic Carbonate Using Multi-Scale CT Images by Avrami Grader, Ingrain, Andrew B.S. Clark, ADCO, Taha Al-Dayyani, ADCO, and Amos Nur, Ingrain Presented at the International Symposium of the Society of Core Analysts, Sept 2009 Scale Independence of Rock Physics Transforms by Jack Dvorkin and Cinzia Scotellaro, Stanford University; Qian Fang, Naum Derzhi and Amos Nur, Ingrain Scale of Experiment and Rock Physics Trends by Jack Dvorkin, Stanford University The Future of Rock Physics: Computational Methods vs. Lab Testing by Jack...

2008 Archive

Tue, 16 Feb 2010 15:05:05 GMT

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2009 Archive

Tue, 16 Feb 2010 15:04:36 GMT

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January 2010

Wed, 10 Feb 2010 22:01:32 GMT

Ingrain Adds Marcus Ganz as new Chief Operating Officer Houston (January 2010) Digital rock physics company, Ingrain, has added Marcus Ganz to its management team as the company's new Chief Operating Officer. Ganz joins Ingrain after 29 years of international experience at WesternGeco and Schlumberger. As the company's new COO he will be responsible for the successful delivery of Ingrain's service offerings as the company expands internationally. Ganz's experience spans many countries and regions around the globe. As a member of the executive team managing WesternGeco over a period of four years he was VP of the Land product line and later VP & Regional Manager responsible for all activities in South America. From 2006 to 2008 he was the General Manager of Schlumberger Oilfield Services for Argentina and Chile. During this period he served on the Schlumberger Ltd. Business Conduct Group, a rotating team of senior managers responsible for the worldwide implementation and monitoring of...

Company Management

Tue, 02 Feb 2010 16:21:44 GMT

Henrique Tono - Director & CEO Amos Nur - Director & Chief Technology Officer Marcus Ganz - Chief Operating Officer Barry Stewart - Chief Financial Officer John Elmer - Chief Marketing Officer Guoping Li - Country Manager, Canada Gary Sinclair - Regional Manager MENA Avrami Grader - Chief Scientist Elizabeth Diaz - Chief Geoscientist Jonas Tölke - Chief Computational Software Development Carl Sisk - Chief Reservoir Engineer Ted Zaleski - Chief Engineer Henrique Tono - Director & CEO Dr. Henrique Tono co-founded Ingrain in 2007 with Dr. Amos Nur, serving as the company's CEO and a member of the board of directors. Dr. Tono, who has a strong background in international negotiations and operations, has founded several successful energy related companies, including Gaps, Drift, and La Luna Oil Company based in Colombia. Dr. Tono holds a B.Sc. from University of California, Santa Barbara, an M.Sc. from Stanford University, and...

Ingrain Digital Rock Physics Services

Tue, 02 Feb 2010 05:51:21 GMT

Ingrain's digital rock physics lab reveals reservoir rocks

"from the inside" with speed and accuracy. Our information will help you reduce drilling risk, improve reservoir models and improve net recovery of oil and gas.

Ingrain computes the following physical properties from high resolution 3D digital rock images called vRocks:

Porosity: Vv/Vt (% total, connected and isolated porosity)
Absolute permeability: Permeability (mD) in X, Y and Z directions
Electrical properties: Formation factor in X, Y and Z directions
Elastic properties: Bulk modulus (K), compressional velocity (Vp), Young's modulus (E), Shear modulus (G), Shear velocity (Vs), Poisson's ratio

For rock samples in which multiphase flow analysis is conducted, Ingrain provides:

Two-phase relative permeability: water-oil, gas-oil, and water-gas displacement at different wettability indices and viscosity values in three axes

If desired, Ingrain offers the option for guaranteed 30 day turnaround time for results. Most analyses take less than 60 days to complete.

vRock 3D Flythrough

Thu, 14 Jan 2010 22:32:10 GMT

Lorem ipsum survey

noemail@ingrainrocks.com — Fri, 05 Sep 2008 22:28:38 GMT

Objectives:

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Release Date: 5-Sep-08 5:28 PM
Expiration Date: 5-Dec-08 5:28 PM

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2008-09-05T22:28:38Z

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